The government of Kazakhstan has injected itself as a man — in — the — middle for all HTTPS communication — in effect, spying on the browsing of everyone in the country.

We would expect such things from an overtly repressive state, but powerful "free" countries such as Australia, UK and US have done, or are trying to do, comparable things.

Should all crewed space missions be run by private business?

In some cases, there is no harm in that. But if we let them build settlements in space or on the Moon, those will be "company towns" in which no one can do anything except under the control of the company. Working there will be like working in an Amazon warehouse.

hanks to contraceptive pills, women do not have to menstruate at all.

This reminds me of a story by James Tiptree (Alice Sheldon) about a woman whose daughter decided to join a movement for natural menstruation. She couldn't convince her daughter to abandon this foolish idea, but the experience of menstruating did the job pretty fast. (What is the story's name?)

Small doses of radiation promote the spread of a mutation that is one step on the road to cancer.

At least, that is true in the esophagus of mice. Nothing is known about how this might affect other mouse tissues, or any human tissues.

Humans have, in general, much better defenses against aging than other mammals, so I would not generalize from non-human animals to humans about any of these effects.

Many nonfree browser extensions snoop on the user's browsing and inform some company.

The article does not say that these extensions are nonfree, but that seems pretty certain from the information given.

The author of the article did not recognize that this was a part of the problem. So people are likely to draw misguided conclusions such as "Don't trust browser extensions", instead of the correct conclusion, "Don't trust nonfree programs anywhere."