The EU is being criticized for a deal that shields a vaccine company
from liability.
Vaccinating everyone for a certain disease might save 1% of the
population from death or grave injury due to that disease, and
might cause grave harm to .001%. If each of the people thus harmed
sued the company, it could go broke. It makes sense for the
government to shield the vaccine makers from liability provided it
covers the .001%'s treatment and losses in some other way.
In a country with a national medical system, that arrangement is easy
to implement, and is good for everyone concerned. The people suffer
far fewer sicknesses and deaths. The nation has fewer sick people to
treat, fewer disabled people to support, and fewer deaths to
compensate. Then the vaccine manufacturer can charge a reasonable
amount for the vaccine and make a reasonable, steady profit. National
medical systems negotiate the price of every medicine, so the company
cannot gouge.
The US is a weird case because it does not have a national medical
system. The few who get sick from the vaccine, and need treatment or
care, can only afford it by suing the vaccine company (or someone
with deep pockets). If they can't sue the vaccine company, they go
without treatment. Under these circumstances, it would be cruel
to excuse the company from liability.
But what the US really needs is not medical liability, but a national
medical system — Medicare for All. Then we could limit liability
suits to cases where the company did something wrong.